반응 #40271

반응 방정식

potassium cyanide

ethyl cyanoacetate

isovaleraldehyde

hexane

potassium cyanide

→

2-isobutyl-succinonitrile

수율 99.0%

용매

water

water

반응 조건

후처리

1. 1
   기타When no additional water was collected
2. 2
   온도the mixture was cooled
3. 3
   workup.DISTILLATIONdistilled under vacuum
4. 4
   기타to remove solvent
5. 5
   workup.ADDITIONIsopropanol (1 L) was added to the remaining oil
6. 6
   workup.DISTILLATIONThe reaction mixture was distilled at atmospheric pressure until a temperature of 95° C.
7. 7
   온도refluxed at this temperature for 5 h
8. 8
   온도The reaction mixture was cooled
9. 9
   workup.ADDITIONdiluted with water (0.5 L)
10. 10
    추출extracted with 1 L methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE)
11. 11
    추출The MTBE extract
12. 12
    세척was washed with water (0.5 L)
13. 13
    건조dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate
14. 14
    여과filtered
15. 15
    농축concentrated under vacuum

실험 절차

A mixture of ethyl cyanoacetate (73.3 g, 6.48 mol), isovaleraldehyde (613.9 g, 7.13 mol), piperidine (5.5 g, 0.065 mol), and hexane (0.5 L) was placed under reflux with continuous removal of water. When no additional water was collected, the mixture was cooled and distilled under vacuum to remove solvent. Isopropanol (1 L) was added to the remaining oil, followed by a solution of potassium cyanide (422 g, 6.48 mol) in water (2 L). The reaction mixture was maintained below 35° C. during addition of the potassium cyanide solution and then held at approximately 35° C. for 4 h. The reaction mixture was distilled at atmospheric pressure until a temperature of 95° C. was reached and then refluxed at this temperature for 5 h. The reaction mixture was cooled, diluted with water (0.5 L) and extracted with 1 L methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE). The MTBE extract was washed with water (0.5 L), dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under vacuum to give 873.4 g of 2-isobutyl-succinonitrile as an oil. Purified samples of 2-isobutyl-succinonitrile can be obtained by vacuum distillation (90° C. at 0.275 mm Hg).

출처