반응 #216027

반응 방정식

potassium carbonate

4,4'-difluorobenzophenone

4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl

4-nitrophthalonitrile

→

phthalonitrile

용매

ethanol

dimethylacetamide

water

toluene

toluene

반응 조건

후처리

1. 1
   기타To a 100 ml, 3-necked flask equipped with a thermometer
2. 2
   workup.ADDITIONwas added
3. 3
   온도at reflux (140° C.) for 12 hours total
4. 4
   기타was removed by azeotropic distillation
5. 5
   온도After refluxing
6. 6
   기타the toluene was removed by distillation
7. 7
   기타had reached 165° C.
8. 8
   기타had been removed
9. 9
   workup.ADDITIONwas added
10. 10
    workup.STIRRINGThe reaction content was then stirred at 95°-100° C. for 16 hours (overnight)
11. 11
    workup.STIRRINGwith stirring
12. 12
    여과The solid precipitate was collected by suction filtration
13. 13
    세척washed exhaustively with water
14. 14
    세척washed with ethanol
15. 15
    기타dried

실험 절차

To a 100 ml, 3-necked flask equipped with a thermometer and a Dean-Stark trap was added 12.01 gm (55.1 mmol) of 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone, 20.11 gm (108.1 mmol) of 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl, and 70 ml of dimethylacetamide (DMAC). After flushing the mixture for 20 minutes with dry nitrogen, 21.2 gm (153.4 mmol) of pulverized anhydrous potassium carbonate was added with stirring. The Dean-Stark trap was filled with toluene. Five milliliter of toluene was also added to the reaction mixture. The mixture was then heated at 100° C. for 1 hour and at reflux (140° C.) for 12 hours total. During this time, the water formed as a by-product was removed by azeotropic distillation. After refluxing, the toluene was removed by distillation. When the temperature of the reaction mixture had reached 165° C., it was assumed that the toluene had been removed. The reaction temperature was then reduced to 90° C. whereupon 19.0 gm (109.8 mmol) of 4-nitrophthalonitrile was added. The reaction mixture turned purple. The reaction content was then stirred at 95°-100° C. for 16 hours (overnight). The reaction was monitored by FTIR spectroscopy and showed the complete disappearance of the absorptions attributed to the nitro group. The room temperature mixture was poured into 50% aqueous ethanol with stirring. The solid precipitate was collected by suction filtration, washed exhaustively with water, washed with ethanol, and dried to afford 39.8 gm of oligomeric phthalonitrile monomer. A DSC thermogram showed an endothermic transition between 260°-280° C.

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