Réaction #655111

Équation de réaction

pentaerythrityl tetranitrate

hydrazine hydrate

→

Pentaerythrityl trinitrate

Solvants

dioxane

ethanol

Conditions de réaction

Traitement

1. 1
   workup.ADDITIONare added in portions over 1 hour
2. 2
   TempératureThe reaction mixture is then refluxed for a further 2.5 hours
3. 3
   AutreThe solvents are evaporated off at 15 mm Hg
4. 4
   Extractionthe residue is extracted
5. 5
   Extractionno longer decreases on extraction
6. 6
   AutreThe aqueous extracts (A) are collected
7. 7
   workup.DISSOLUTIONthe residual oily layer is dissolved in twice its volume of ethanol
8. 8
   AutreAny white precipitate of PETN which has separated out
9. 9
   Filtrationis filtered off after 24 hours
10. 10
    AutreEthanol is evaporated off from the filtrate at 15 mm Hg

Mode opératoire

158 g (0.5 mol) of pentaerythrityl tetranitrate (PETN) are dissolved in a boiling mixture of 300 ml of dioxane and 300 ml of ethanol, and different amounts of aqueous hydrazine hydrate solution (1.5-4 mol) are added in portions over 1 hour. The reaction mixture is then refluxed for a further 2.5 hours. The solvents are evaporated off at 15 mm Hg and the residue is extracted by shaking several times with 100 ml portions of water, as required, until the volume of the oil layer no longer decreases on extraction. The aqueous extracts (A) are collected and the residual oily layer is dissolved in twice its volume of ethanol. Any white precipitate of PETN which has separated out is filtered off after 24 hours; m.p.=132° C., nitrogen content: 17.35%; m.p.=141° C. (2×acetone); nitrogen content: conforms. Ethanol is evaporated off from the filtrate at 15 mm Hg. The viscous oily residue consists of crude pentaerythrityl trinitrate (PETriN); nitrogen content: conforms.

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