Reaktion #6372

Reaktionsgleichung

acrylonitrile

ammonia

ammonia

NH3

acrylonitrile

→

ammonia

acrylonitrile

3-aminopropionitrile

bis(2-cyanoethyl)amine

Lösungsmittel

water

Reaktionsbedingungen

Aufarbeitung

1. 1
   workup.ADDITIONIt is also known that the addition of protic solvents
2. 2
   workup.ADDITIONThe addition of steam
3. 3
   Sonstigeis used in the temperature range from 80° to 130° C

Vorschrift

It is also known that the addition of protic solvents has an advantageous effect on the addition reaction of NH3 with acrylonitrile. The addition of steam to the mixture of acrylonitrile and ammonia is disclosed in, for example, Chem. Abstr. Vol. 83, 26879. Usually, however, aqueous ammonia is used in the temperature range from 80° to 130° C. With a ratio of ammonia to acrylonitrile to water of 5-15:1:5-20, 3-aminopropionitrile is obtained, in addition to bis(2-cyanoethyl)amine, in yields of from 57 to 80% (eg. U.S. Pat. No. 3,935,256--62%, DE-A-24 36 651--70%, U.S. Pat. No. 2,448,013--78%, U.S. Pat. No. 2,819,903--59%, Org. Syn. (1947), 27, 3 to 5 - 57%). The disadvantages of these processes using aqueous ammonia arise in the working up or further processing of the product mixture:

Quelle