تفاعل #56368

معادلة التفاعل

ethylene oxide

dimethyl methylphosphonate

Bromphenol blue

tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate

methyl chloride

KOH

Bromphenol blue

sodium carbonate

NaOH

ethylene oxide

→

Dimethyl Methylphosphonate Tris(2-chloroethyl) Phosphate

المذيبات

methanol

methanol

water

ظروف التفاعل

المعالجة

1. 1
   أخرىA vessel fitted with stirrer
2. 2
   درجة الحرارةthermometer, heating mantle
3. 3
   أخرىAfter a brief nitrogen purge
4. 4
   أخرىto remove air (and thus avoid possible oxidative color development the reaction mixture
5. 5
   درجة الحرارةwas raised to 135°, at which
6. 6
   درجة الحرارةOver five hours the temperature was gradually raised to 185°
7. 7
   أخرىthe remaining reaction mixture
8. 8
   درجة الحرارةto cool to about 92° under dry nitrogen
9. 9
   درجة الحرارةThe reaction mixture was heated for 2 hours at 95°, at which point the two titration
10. 10
    أخرىresults
11. 11
    workup.STIRRINGwith stirring at 95°
12. 12
    workup.WAITAfter 4 hours
13. 13
    درجة الحرارةHeating
14. 14
    أخرىdrifted down to 80°
15. 15
    أخرىwas conducted at 90°-95°
16. 16
    workup.DISSOLUTIONuntil dissolved volatiles
17. 17
    أخرىwere removed (
18. 18
    أخرىTo remove final traces of acid, which
19. 19
    أخرىwas briefly retreated with ethylene oxide at 95°
20. 20
    workup.ADDITIONAlternatively, 12 of the non-volatile diepoxide of cyclohexenylmethyl cyclohexenylcarboxylate was added

الإجراء التجريبي

A vessel fitted with stirrer, thermometer, heating mantle, and vertical reflux condenser was charged with 5308 g(42.8 moles) of dimethyl methylphosphonate, 5710 g. (20 moles) of tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate, and 40 g. of anhydrous sodium carbonate. After a brief nitrogen purge to remove air (and thus avoid possible oxidative color development the reaction mixture was raised to 135°, at which point methyl chloride began to be evolved from the condenser outlet. Over five hours the temperature was gradually raised to 185° and held for 27 hours at which time measurement of the rate of methyl chloride evolution showed the rate to have dwindled to 0.08 cc/min. At this point, weighing the remaining reaction mixture showed that a weight loss of 3044 g. had occurred, corresponding to 60.3 moles of methyl chloride (as against a theoretical loss of 60 moles). While stirring was continued, the reactor was allowed to cool to about 92° under dry nitrogen. Then 282 g. (8.8 moles) of methanol was added over 5 minutes. This quantity was a small excess over the calculated amount of cyclic glycol ester, 7.8 moles, which had been determined to be present by the fact that a sample held for 10 minutes in water and then titrated with 0.1-N NaOH to Bromphenol blue end point showed 1.14 millequivalents of acid plus cyclic ester per gram, whereas a titration of a sample in methanol with methanolic 0.1-N KOH to Bromphenol blue showed 0.16 milliequivalents of acid per gram; thus 0.98 milliequivalents of cyclic glycol ester per gram was present by this assay method. The reaction mixture was heated for 2 hours at 95°, at which point the two titration results were 0.27 meg. acid plus cyclic ester per gram and 0.17 meq. acid per gram; thus only 0.10 meq. cyclic ester per gram remained by this assay method. At this point, a fast stream of ethylene oxide was introduced with stirring at 95°. After 4 hours, the titrations by both the aqueous and alcoholic method were nil. Heating was then stopped, ethylene oxide continued as the temperature drifted down to 80°, then vigorous nitrogen sparging was conducted at 90°-95° until dissolved volatiles were removed (found to be mostly dimethyl methylphosphonate). The weight change during this devolatilization step was 3.5%. To remove final traces of acid, which reformed in the devolatilization step, the batch was briefly retreated with ethylene oxide at 95°. Alternatively, 12 of the non-volatile diepoxide of cyclohexenylmethyl cyclohexenylcarboxylate was added. The product, by the ethylene oxide finishing method, had the following characteristics:

المصدر